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Which
Versus That
Many people are
confused about when to use “which” and when to
use “that.” Often times, it is a subjective call
on the part of the writer.
“Which”
means the words following are not essential to the meaning
of the sentence. In other words, the information adds a new
element the reader may not need.
Example: We published the information, which was required
by law, in the annual report.
Note:
There is always a comma in front of “which” and
always a comma at the end of the idea it is introducing. (Your
grammar check – if it is turned on – will put
a green squiggle under “which” to remind you to
insert the period in front, if you haven’t done so.
Unfortunately, it cannot tell you where to place the second
comma. Don’t forget to add it.)
“That”
is used when the information following is essential to the
meaning and to the reader.
Example: We published the information that is required by
law in the annual report.
Note: There is
no comma in front of “that.”
Some editors believe
a sentence will be smoother if you remove “that”
when it is not needed.
Example: We published the information required by law in the
annual report.
Personally,
I delete ”that” whenever I can. It is usually
just fluff. If you are uncertain, I suggest you read the sentence
to yourself. If it sounds better with the word omitted, remove
it. If you need it for rhythm or clarity, let it remain.
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